Beyond Vitamin C: The Antioxidant Systems That Protect Skin
We hear the word “antioxidant” used frequently in skincare, but the term covers a wide range of molecules, each with distinct roles within the skin.
In our January guide, we explored how oxidative stress impacts skin health. Here, we look more closely at the specific antioxidants that support resilience, and how they work together.
Antioxidants don't operate in isolation. The skin relies on a network of protective systems - some produced naturally within cells, others delivered through diet or topical application. Supporting both pathways creates a more complete defence against environmental stress.
Non-Enzymatic Antioxidants (Topical & Nutritional)
| Antioxidant | Primary role in skin | Best for |
| Vitamin C | Supports collagen synthesis and protects against UV-induced oxidative damage | Dullness, pigmentation, early ageing |
| Vitamin E | Protects lipid membranes and enhances Vitamin C stability | Barrier support, dryness |
| Carotenoids | Improve skin elasticity and photoprotection | Rough texture, sun exposure |
| Coenzyme Q10 | Supports cellular energy and reduces visible ageing | Mature or fatigued skin |
| Glutathione (with selenium) | Detoxifies cells and maintains redox balance | Uneven tone, oxidative stress |
Enzymatic Antioxidants (Produced Within Skin)
| Antioxidant | Function | Skin impact | |
| Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) | Neutralises superoxide radicals | Calms inflammation, supports healing | |
| Catalase | Breaks down hydrogen peroxide | Maintains cellular integrity | |
| Glutathione Peroxidase | Converts peroxides into harmless compounds |
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Why Layering Matters
No single antioxidant can neutralise every type of free radical. Different antioxidants target different reactive species. This is why pairing Vitamin C with Vitamin E and ferulic acid, for example, enhances overall stability and performance.
By supporting both enzymatic and non-enzymatic pathways, the skin is better equipped to maintain clarity, strength and luminosity over time.
Antioxidant support isn't a trend or a seasonal addition, it's foundational. By consistently reinforcing the skin’s protective systems, we help preserve its long-term health, resilience and glow.
For further reading on the relationship between nutrition and skin health, the field of Nutritional Dermatology continues to provide compelling research.